1. Psychodynamic Perspective
   
   
   1. Internal discussion on how one should behave
      
      
   2. Freud’s Model
      
      
      1. Id, ego, superego
         
         
      2. Conscious, preconscious, unconscious
         
         
   3. Psychosexual Stages
      
      
      1. Oral
         
         
      2. Anal
         
         
      3. Phallic
         
         
      4. Latency
         
         
      5. Genital
         
         
   4. Neo-Analytic Perspectives
      
      
      1. Erik Erikson’s Psychosocial Stages
         
         
      2. Object Relations Theory
         
         
      3. Self-psychology
         
         
   5. Treatment – Insight oriented
      
      
   6. Evaluation
      
      
      1. Therapists have to infer a lot
         
         
      2. After-the-fact explanations; few testable predictions
         
         
      3. One treatment for all disorders
         
         
2. Behavioral Perspective
   
   
   1. Limited to observable events
      
      
   2. Classical conditioning
      
      
   3. Operant conditioning
      
      
   4. Treatment
      
      
      1. Systematic desensitization
         
         
      2. Aversive conditioning
         
         
      3. Contingency management
         
         
   5. Evaluation
      
      
      1. Overemphasis on learning; excluded genetics
         
         
      2. Excluded thought processes
         
         
3. Humanistic & Existential Perspectives
   
   
   1. Humanistic Perspective
      
      
      1. Rogers’ View
         
         
         1. Client-centered therapy
            
            
         2. Unconditional positive regard
            
            
      2. Maslow’s hierarchy of needs
         
         
   2. Existential Perspective
      
      
      1. Find your own meaning in life
         
         
      2. Everything shapes your life; take as much responsibility as you can.
         
         
   3. Treatment
      
      
      1. A nurturing environment in therapy is key
         
         
      2. Accept responsibility for your life
         
         
   4. Evaluation        
      
      
      1. It’s about the individual; not one-size-fits-all
         
         
      2. Anti-DSM