Maybe you don't have a dolphin, but perhaps you have a fish tank?  Check out fish school.

EXTRA CREDIT: For a maximum of 4 points, complete this worksheet -- handwritten answers are fine!  To earn credit, turn in the completed worksheet at least 2 class periods before the next exam.  (If the exam is on Monday, turn this assignment in by the beginning of class on Wednesday for a M-Th class, Thursday for a M-F class.)  Late extra credit assignments will not be accepted.

I. Classical Conditioning  (Pavlovian Conditioning) -- Read more about Pavlov and play the "Pavlov's Dog" game

       A.  Acquisition
                                          Meat Powder ------> Salivation

                        Tone ----> Meat Powder ------> Salivation

                        Tone ---------------------------> Salivation

       B. Extinction


       C. Spontaneous Recovery
         

       D. Generalization
 

       E.  Discrimination      

Can you find the classical conditioning in this NPR Weekend Edition story on aromatherapy? EXTRA CREDIT: For a maximum of 2 points,  to earn credit, e-mail me any time before the next exam with the UCS, UCR, CS, and CR. If you need a second guess, one point will be subtracted from the maximum.

II. Operant Conditioning   (Instrumental Learning)

To read how animal training can make your relationships go more smoothly, check out this New York Times article, "What Shamu Taught Me About a Happy Marriage."

        A.  Law of Effect  (E.L. Thorndike)


        B.  Shaping


        C. Reinforcement

                1.  Types

                    a. positive 

For examples of positive reinforcement, visit: http://psych.athabascau.ca/html/prtut/reinpair.htm

b. negative

Having trouble with negative reinforcement? 
Visit Negative Reinforcement University.

                2.  Schedules of Reinforcement

                        a. Ratio

                                1)  Fixed Ratio


                                2)  Variable Ratio

                        b. Interval

                                1)  Fixed Interval


                                2)  Variable Interval

        D. Punishment

               1.  Punishment can be effective if it's severe enough.

               2.  The punishment punishes the behavior immediately preceding the punishment.

REWARDS AND PUNISHMENTS DON'T HAVE TO COME FROM OTHERS.  OFTEN THE ENVIRONMENT PROVIDES THEM.