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Hara Brook |
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Annotated Bibliography and Citation ExamplesAn annotated bibliography should be arranged in alphabetical order by author or title, if an author name is not available. The following are some examples were from a Western Washington University Political Science instructor web site. Bradshaw, York W., "Perpetuating Underdevelopment in Kenya," The African Studies Review, September 1990, 1-27. This article was very insightful. Only 15% to 20% of Kenya is arable land and all of that is being used. The greatest concentration of farming is in the "white highlands" where English colonizers settled. Afte independence this was supposed to have been split up and given back to the Kenyans. The amount of land in the hands of small farmers is low, but their productivity is high. Crops sold for export have higher prices and are more attractive to grow. This explains why large farmers grow crops for export, while small farmers grow food crops. I found this article helpful in showing how people in government look out for their own interests first and then the interests of citizens. Chavangi, Noel A., "Household Based Tree Planting Activities for Fuelwood Supply in Rural Kenya," in Fraser-Taylor, D.R., and MacKenzie, Fiona, editors, Development from Within. New York: Routledge Publishers, 1992, 148-70. This article shows that technical solutions to problems must be combined with knowledge of local cultural practices if they are to be effective. The Kakamega District of Kenya suffered from chronic deforestation, and tree-planting made sense. But local traditions of women collecting firewood, and not seeking male help in this area of responsibility caused difficulty in addressing the problem. Community dialogue emphasizing the need for a change in gender roles to meet changing circumstances was employed, and led to greater male-female cooperation in tree planting and raising. This article showed that government can provide enlightened leadership for solving community problems in Africa. Hazelwood, Arthur, The Economy of Kenya. New York: Oxford University Press, 1979. Hazelwood's research provided a ver y insightful analysis of Kenya's economic situation at independence. Peasants produced coffee, tea and fruits for export, and maize for food. Most of Kenya's intra-African trade was with Tanzania and Uganda until 1977, when the border with Tanzania was closed. What I liked most about this book was the background it provided. When looking at the contemporary economic situation it is helpful to to have such information. MacKinnon, Joanne, "The Mau Mau Resistance in Kenya," Kenya Land Reform Council. http://www.kenya/landreform.org, July 30, 2001 This article describes the
impact that the Mau Mau rebellion among the Kikuyu people had in structuring
land tenure in postcolonial Kenya. Although the Mau Mau lost the civil war, they
set the stage for black majority rule and decolonization across East
Africa.Critical to that process was the return of the land to native Africans an
the repatriation of whites to Great Britain. This article is somewhat biased in
its anti-British tone. And some of her assertions are not always completely
backed up, but is a useful perspective in understanding the political economy of
postcolonial Kenya.
MLA Citation Examples written by Honolulu Community College Library
http://honolulu.hawaii.edu/library/mla(2).pdf
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